Oscillators: RSI, MACD and Stochastic

The momentum indicators that measure strength and possible exhaustion.

Oscillators live in a sub-chart below price and measure momentum: how strong a move is and whether it is running out of steam.

RSI

A value from 0 to 100 indicating the strength of the move.

  • How to read it: above 70 = “overbought” (a move very extended to the upside), below 30 = “oversold”. Divergences with price (price rising but RSI not) warn of a possible slowdown.
  • Parameters: period (usually 14), 70/30 thresholds.

MACD

Compares two moving averages to measure the acceleration of the trend.

  • How to read it: the crossover between the MACD line and its “signal line”, and the histogram growing or shrinking, show when momentum changes.
  • Parameters: the three periods (classically 12, 26, 9).

Stochastic

Tells you where price closes relative to its recent range.

  • How to read it: high values = closes near the recent highs, low = near the lows; useful for timing and divergences.
  • Parameters: %K and %D periods, overbought/oversold thresholds.

Oscillators are at their best together with context (trend, levels, order flow): on their own they produce many false signals in directional phases.